The Loop & Chicago River
Chicago burned down in 1871 — and the city that rose from the ashes invented the modern skyscraper
The Great Chicago Fire of 1871 destroyed 17,000 buildings and left 100,000 people homeless. Reconstruction brought architects from across the world, and the combination of available land, ambitious clients and new steel construction technology produced the first true skyscrapers — buildings whose weight was carried by an internal steel frame rather than the walls. The Home Insurance Building, completed in 1885 and now demolished, is considered the world's first. Chicago was essentially the laboratory in which modern urban architecture was invented.