Jerónimos Monastery · Belém
Built with the profits of the spice trade — and Vasco da Gama is buried inside
The Jerónimos Monastery was commissioned in 1501 by King Manuel I to celebrate Vasco da Gama's return from India. It was funded almost entirely by the pepper tax — a 5% levy on all spices brought from the East. The doorway is a masterpiece of the Manueline style: ropes, armillary spheres and coral carved in stone. Inside, da Gama himself is buried in a marble sarcophagus. The monastery survived the 1755 earthquake — one of the few buildings in Lisbon that did.