No cathedral for a capital
Madrid depended on the archdiocese of Toledo for centuries, so it had no cathedral, even as the capital of an empire.
For centuries the capital of a vast empire had no cathedral of its own. Work on the Almudena began in 1883, and it was consecrated by Pope John Paul II only in 1993.

Madrid depended on the archdiocese of Toledo for centuries, so it had no cathedral, even as the capital of an empire.
Most churches face east. The Almudena faces north, so its main front looks straight at the Royal Palace across the square.
Building took over a century, and it shows: neoclassical outside, neo-Gothic inside and neo-Romanesque in the crypt.
It belonged to the archdiocese of Toledo for centuries. The Almudena was begun in 1883 and consecrated in 1993.
It comes from the Arabic al-mudayna, the citadel, the walled town where, by tradition, the image of the Virgin was found.
The cathedral is free to enter; the dome, the museum and the crypt have their own access and times.